MAHAIFINA YA YI TA JIMA'I DA NI TSAWON SHEKARU

Daga Mustapha Hamid

‘Yar shugaban wata ƙungiyar asiri, mai aƙidar auratayya birjik, mai suna Warren Jeffs ta ce, Mahaifin nata yayi ta saduwa da ita tsawon shekaru, tun tana ‘yar ƙaramar Yarinya, har zuwa lokacin da take girma a cikin ƙungiyar ta asiri.

Ta bayyana hakan ne a wata zantawa da ita da aka yi a ranar Juma’ar da ta gabata, a cikin shirin ‘Megyn Kelly Today’.

Rachel Jeffs, wacce a yanzu take da shekarun haihuwa 33, ta shaidawa Gidan Talabijin na NBC cewa, Mahaifin nata ya fara yin lalata da ita ne tun tana da shekaru 8 a Duniya, inda bayan nan ya yi ta saduwa da ita sau ba adadi, duk da yunƙurin da mahaifiyarta ta yi na dakatar da hakan, haƙar ta bai kai ga nasara ba sai da ta kai shekarun haihuwa 16. 

Wasu Mambobin Cocin ‘Fundamentalist of Jesus Christ of Later day Saints’ wanda ya ƙunshi har da Ɗan sa Roy Jeffs, su ma sun zarge shi da yin lalata da su tun lokacin suna yara. 

Rachel Jeffs ta rubuta wani Littafi, wanda ta bayyana irin abubuwan da ta sani, inda ta sanya wa Littafin suna ‘Samun ‘Yanci: Yadda aka yi na tsira daga Auratayya, Ƙungiyar asiri ta FLDS da kuma Mahaifi na Warren Jeffs’.

Yanzu haka dai Warren Jeffs yana zaman kaso a Kurkuku sakamakon hukuncin da aka zartar masa a kan lalata da yayi ta yi da ƙananan Yara Mata, wa’yanda yake ɗaukan su a matsayin Matan sa, ba shi da wani Lauyan da yake kare shi, sannan ya ƙi tankawa buƙatar Tashar NBC na ji daga bakin sa.

Lokacin da Rachel Jeffs take ‘yar shekaru 18 an sanar da ita cewa za ta kasance Mata ta 3 ga wani mutum a cikin ƙungiyar tasu, lamarin da yayi matuƙar bata tsoro, da kuma girgiza ta. 

Ta bar ƙungiyar nasu ne bayan da Mahaifin ta ya kore ta daga wurin ‘ya’yanta na tsawon watanni, bayan ya tuhume ta da aikata laifin da ita kuma take musanta aikatawa.

“Na ji a raina kamar yana yi mini horo ne a kan laifukan da ya aikata a kai na, na ji kamar yana so in rasa duk wani ƙwarin guiwa ne, sannan in ɗauki kaina a matsayin wacce ta fi shi wofinta, ba zan taɓa mayar da kaina in zama hakan ba, na san cewa yayi ta aikata abubuwan da ba daidai ba, dan haka ba zan taɓa bari ya mayar da ni in zama marar ƙwarin guiwa ba”.

Read More at: https://hausa.leadership.ng/2017/11/14/mahaifina-ya-yi-ta-yin-jimai-da-ni-tsawon-shekaru/

Fa'idar Yin Aure Da Wuri

Aurar da yara mata da zarar sun balaga ko kuma kafin ma su balaga, yana daga cikin halayen magabata na kwarai. Kuma yana daga cikin hanyoyin da zamu iya bi a wannan zamanin domin dakile barna da ayyukan fasikanci wadanda kullum suke kara yaduwa a cikin al’umma. Ba kamar yadda Turawan yamma kullum suke kokarin juyar da tunanin al’ummar Musulmai ba, suna cewa wai aurar da ‘ya’ya mata da wuri yana haifar da cututtuka, yana haifar da lalacewar rayuwa da sauran matsaloli kala-kala, wanda kuma duk karya ce zalla. Kuma hujjojin da suke bayarwa a kan haka ba karbabbu bane, tunda cututtukan da rashin auren ke haifarwa sun fi girma sannan sun fi muni fiye da duk tunanin mutum.

Yarda da irin wadannan miyagun ra’ayoyin na Turawa ya kan sanya wasu daga Jama’ar Musulmai, wadanda suke ganin wai kansu yawa ye, har suna kallon addininmu da kyawawan al’adunmu kamar wani ci baya. Su kansu turawan idan kun duba cikin tarihinsu da tarihin sarakunansu da daulolinsu za ku tarar cewa cike suke da tarihin ‘ya’yan sarakunansu wadanda aka aurar da wuri, har ma sukan hayayyafa kuma su turawan suna alfahari da su.

Koda a cikin Bible dinsu akwai wuraren da suka halatta aurar da yara mata tun suna ‘yan shekaru biyar a duniya. Kuma yanzu haka yaran turawan Amurka da Ingila da Faransa da sauran kasashen turai sukan fara aikata zinace-zinace tun ba su fi ‘yan shekaru sha biyu, sha uku ba. Kafin yarinya ta kai shekaru 20 a duniya ta gama sanin komai tsakanin ta da da namiji, su iyayensu ba su dauki wannan a bakin komai ba. 

Su turawa a ra’ayinsu zina ba laifi bane mutukar dai an yi ta ne bisa soyayya, ko kuma kan ra’ayin masu yin ta, idan ba tilastasu aka yi ba. Shi ya sa su a wajen su aure bashi da wani muhimmancin da za a kula da shi wajen tsaftace al’umma. Amma shi aure shi ne jigon rayuwa tunda ta dalilinsa ne ake samun yaduwar al’umma managarciya. Kuma aure ibada ne tunda ta hanyarsa a kana samu shiga Aljanna.

Aure yana tsaftace al’umma ya hana barna shiga cikinta. Kuma aure yana gyara halayen masu yin sa, ya hana su afkawa cikin sabon Allah. Abu ne mai hatsari a rika jinkirta ma ‘ya’ya mata yin aure don burin neman abin duniya. Ko dai a ce wai sai ta gama makaranta ta samu aiki, ko kuma a ce ba za a aurar da ita ga talaka. Ana jiran mai kudi ya zo ya aureta. Ba a la’akari da hali ko yanayin da ita yarinyar za ta iya shiga saboda sha’awa ko matsuwarta da yin aure.

Wannan duk tsari ne irin na Yahudu da Nasara wadanda mafiya yawansu sukan kare kuruciyarsu ne ba tare da yin aure ba. Kuma ba su kawo tunanin mutuwa a zukatansu ballantana su yi tanadi dominta.

Ya zama wajibi iyaye kuji tsoron Allah ku rika bin dokokinsa wajen aurar da ‘ya’yanku da zarar sun samu manemi na kirki koda kuwa ba su kammala karatun bokon ba. Idan shi mijin ya so sai su koma su ci gaba da karatunsu tare da aurensu. Wannan shi ne ya fi alkairi da kuma kiyaye tarbiyyarsu daga lalacewa.

Read More at: https://hausa.leadership.ng/2018/10/05/faidar-yin-aure-da-wuri/

Halayen Maza Biyar Da Ke Birge Mata

A dai-dai lakacin da mata suke bukatar abubuwa a wajen maza domin gudanar da kyakkyawan zamantakewa, ga kadan daga cikin su: Halaye guda biyar da mata suke sha’awa kuma su birge su a wajen maza wadanda ba su shafi surar jikinsu ba. Akwai wasu halaye da kuma yadda kake gudanar da harkokinka da za su kara maka kwar jini wajen masoyanka. Ka manta da wasu kyalekyalen da babu amfani, maimakon haka ka lizimci halayen da mata zasu yi sha’awar magana da kai da son kasancewa da kai, in ka shirya sanin wadannan halaye, to ka saurara.

1. Yarda da kai:

Mata mutane ne kamar maza suna da tabbaci kuma suka yarda da kansu. Namijin da bashi da tsayuwar yanke hukunci, ya kan sa mace cikin rashin tabbas, dole nauyin yanke hukunci ya kasance a kan namiji, rashin karfin gwiwar yanke hukunci ga namiji yana karya kwarin gwiwar mace, ta ji kamar ba ta da mai kare ta musamman in sun fita zuwa wani sha’ani.

2. Tausayi:

A kwai banbanci tsakanin samun kwarin gwiwa da kuma kasancewa mutumin da bashi da tausayi da sausauci, haka abin yake ko a harkokin kasuwanci ne ko kuma a hulda tsakanin mace da namiji, yana da matukar mahimmanci kada ka zama mai kokarin rusa wani don ka daukaka kanka. Dagawa yana kasacewa barazana ne ga wadanda suke kusa da kai.

2. Kyakkyawan Zato:

Kyautata zaton faruwar alhairi a duk al’amuran da ka fustanta ba daya yake da lamarin samun kwarin gwiwa ba, a matsayinka na namiji dole ya zamana kana da karfin gwiwa da kyakyawan zaton faruwar lamari koda kuwa mutane na ganin lamarin nada tsananin wahala. Mata na matukar sha’awar mai irin wannan halayen.

4.  Girmamawa:

Mata na matukar jin dadi yayin da namiji ya bude musu kofa ko kuma ya ba su wajen zama, amma mafi mahimmaci, suna son maniji ya nemi ra’ayinsu a kan wani lamari, suna kuma matukar sha’awar namiji da yake taimakon wasu.

5. Ka zama mai sauraron matsalolinsu:

Mata na matukar son a tattauna matsalolin daya shafesu, haka kuma mata sun fi sha’awar namijin da yake sauraron bukatunsu ya kuma kasance baya mantawa da abin da ta fada masa, to tabbas masu irin wadannan halayen za su zama ‘yan lelen mata

Read More at: https://hausa.leadership.ng/2018/06/01/halayen-maza-biyar-da-ke-birge-mata/

’Yan Sanda Sun Tarwatsa Taron PDP A Jihar Jigawa

Rundunar ‘Yan Sanda reshen jihar Jigawa ta yi amfani da sinadarin barkonon tsohuwa yadda ta tarwatsa dubban magoya bayan jam’iyyar adawa ta PDP a lokacin da suke gudanar da taronsu a Jigawa. Taron wadda aka shirya yinsa a jiya a garin Gumel an shirya shine domin kaddamar da fara kamfen da kuma baiwa ‘yan takara dake yankin Arewa maso gabas na jihar tuta ya sami tangarda daga rundunar ‘Yan Sanda wadda ake zargin hakan ta faru sakamakon kin bin umarnin ‘Yan Sandan na sauya ranar taron. Shi kuwa da yake bayyana damuwarsa kan wannan al’amari, mataimakin shugaban jam’iyyar PDP yankin Arewa maso gabas a jihar Alhaji Babandi Ibrahim Gumel ya bayyana wannan yunkuri a matsayin yiwa dimokradiyya karan tsaye. Haka kuma ya bayyana cewa, jam’iyyar tasu ta PDP ta aikewa rundunar ‘Yan Sandan a rubuce cewa zata gudanar da wannan taro a wannan rana kuma a wannan lokaci kuma rundunar ta amince musu su yi taronsu. “Amma abun kunya sai a yau da safiyar wannan rana ta taro bayan mun gayyato al’ummarmu samada mutun dubu 150 suna kan hanyar zuwa, sannan kwamishinan ‘Yan Sanda ya bugawa shugaban kwamitin tsaro na kamfen dinmu a jiha cewa lallai sai mu dage wannan taro daga wannan rana wai ranar kasuwa ce”, “Bayan kuma kowa ya sani tunda aka kafa jam’iyyar PDP samada shekaru ashirin a wannan rana muke gudanar da taronmu kuma a bamu taba hana wani sakewa, sannan kuma su dakansu suka amince mana muyi taronmu a lokacin da muka aike musu” inji Gumel. Haka kuma ya yi barazanar gurfanar da rundunar ‘Yan Sandan da gwamnatin jihar Jigawa gaban kuliya‎ domin a cewarsa sune suke da hannu wajen hanasu wannan taro. “Ina so in tabbatar muku cewa, wannan yiwa dokar kasa karan tsaye duk da cewar‎ kuwa dokar ce ta samarda shugaban kasa, shugaban rundunar ta ‘Yan Sanda da kuma shi kansa kwamishinan don haka ba zamu yarda ba dole ne mu nemi hakkinmu” inji Gumel. LEADERSHIP A Yau ta tuntubi kakakin rundunar ‘Yan Sanda reshen jihar ta Jigawa SP Abdul Jinjiri wadda ya ce zuwa yanzu ba’a sanarda shi komai kan wannan batu ba amma zarar an sanarda shi zai mana karin bayani. Shi kuwa da yake maida martani kan wannan zargi, kwamishinan ‘yansanda reshen jihar Jigawa CP Bala Zama Senchi ya ce ko daya wannan batu ba haka yake ba, illa‎ kawai jam’iyyar ta PDP sun yi yunkurin yin kunnen shegu da doka. Ya bayyana cewa, “kamar kowacce jam’iyya, sun ‎aiko mana da jadawalin tarurrukansu kuma sun sanya wannan rana a matsayin ranar da zasu gudanarda taronsu a yankin Hadeja ba Gumel ba, amma daga baya suka ce tunda ana alhinin rasuwar Hamza Abdullahi a Hadeja zasu sauya shi zuwa Gumel kuma muka amince” “Daga bisani mun sami labarin wannan taro a G‎umel zasu gudanar da shi a Kasuwa wadda kuma a wannan rana take ci, don haka ni da kaina na kira shugaban jam’iyyar na jiha, Alhaji Sule Lamido da kuma shugaban kwamitin tsaro na kamfen dinsu kan cewa su sauya wurin taron nan zuwa filin wasa na Gumel ko duk wani gurin da suke bukata amma banda kasuwa’ domin yin taron cikin kasuwa kan iya haifar da wata matsala a fannin tsaro, amma suka kekasa kasa suka ce a’a, wannan shi ne gaskiyar abin da ya faru” inji Kwamishinan.

Read More at: https://hausa.leadership.ng/2019/01/10/yan-sanda-sun-tarwatsa-taron-pdp-a-jihar-jigawa/

’Yan Bindiga Sun Kashe Mutum Hudu A Katsina

‘Yan ta’adda da ba a san ko su wanene bane sun kashe mutum hudu a kauyen ‘Yar Santa dake karamar humumar Kankara ta jihar Katsina. Bayani ya nuna cewa, tuni aka yi jana’izar mutanen da aka kashe kamar tadda addinin musulunci ya tanada a jiya Laraba. Jami’in watsa labarai na rundunar ‘yan sanda na jihar Katsina, SP Gambo Isah, ya tabbatar da faruwa lamarin ya kuma ce ya zuwa lokacin hada wannna rahoton ba shi da cikakken bayanain yadda kamari ya auku. Majiyar mu ta bayyana mana cewa, ‘yan ta’adda sun kai hari a kauyen ne da misalin karfe 6 na yamma ranar Talata a dai dai lokacin da yawancin mutane garin suke da wowa daga babbar kasuwa garin Kankara.

 An kuma bayyana cewa, ‘yan ta’addan sun shiga ne a kan babura kuma nan take suka shiga harbe harbe a kauye abin da ya sa jama’ar kauyen suka shiga guje-guje bangarorin daban-daban. Mutum hudu da suka mutu, harbin bindiga ne daga ‘yan ta’adda ya yi sanadiyyar mutuwarsu nan take. ‘Yan ta’adda sun kuma dawo ranar Laraba a dai dai lokacin da ake yin jana’izar wadanda suka rasun, in da nan take ‘yan sintiri da ke garin suka fattatake su. Daya daga cikin mutane garin ya kuma ce, “Da safiyar yau a daidai lokacin da muke jana’izar wadanda suka mutu ‘ya ta’adda sun sake dawowa sai da ‘yan sintirin garimu suka fattatake su.” Jami’in watsa labarai na ‘yan sanda ya kuma ce, tuni a ka tura jami’an tsaro kauyen don bayar da kariya. SP Isah ya ce, “Lallai lamarin ya faru amma a halin yanzu mutanen mu na nan don shawo kan lamarin.”

Read More at: https://hausa.leadership.ng/2019/01/10/yan-bindiga-sun-kashe-mutum-hudu-a-katsina/

Faruwar Wasannin Kwaikwayo Na Rediyo A Nijeriya

Rediyo kamar yadda sunansa ya ke a Turanci, wata hanya ce ta isar da sa}o ga jama’a na kusa da kuma na nesa, ta hanyar jin sauti ba tare da ganin mai isar da sa}on ba. Rediyo yana ]aya daga cikin hanyoyin mafi sau}i da kuma sauri da ]an Adam ya tanadar wa kansa don biyan bu}atar isar da sa}onni da ilimantarwa da fa]akarwa da kuma nisha]antarwa. Wa]annan abubuwa guda uku su ne babban ma}asudin kafa gidan rediyo ga jama’a a duniya. Gidan rediyo yana ]aya daga cikin kafafen watsa labarai da ]an Adam ya }ir}iro don taimakawa kansa wajen sadarwa.

Shekaru da dama da suka wuce ]an Adam yana da hanyoyin sadarwa daban-daban na gargajiya kamar ihu da kuka da yekuwa da buga wani abu ko ki]a ko kuma busa }aho.

An samu ci gaba a inda ]an Adam ya iya rubutu da karatu daga nan sai ya fara amfani da rubutun yana aikawa da sa}o ta hanyar wasi}a a rubuce, ta haka har aka samu wasi}a mai suna kar-ta-kwana.

Ana kyautata zaton cewa wani Bature mai suna Macconi wanda yake injiniya ne, shi ne ya fara }ir}iro wayar iska tare da yin gwajinta a cikin shekarar 1899, a New York ta }asar Amurka. Wannan }ir}ira ita ta haifar da rediyo ko kuma ilmin }ir}irar rediyo da ake amfani da shi a yau.

A don haka wannan ci gaba na zamani da ]an Adam ya samu ta rayuwa, shi ya bayyana samar da rediyo a ko’ina, a ciki har da Nijeriya. Gidan rediyo na farko da aka fara bu]ewa a Nijeriya shi ne Nigerian Broadcasting Services (NBS) a shekarar 1962, a garin Legas. Wannan gidan Rediyo (NBS) daga baya an canza masa suna zuwa Nigerian Broadcasting Cooperation (NBC), daidai wannan lokacin Nijeriya tana da yankuna guda uku, don haka sai aka yi tashoshi na rediyo a wa]annan ~angarori guda uku, jihar Gabas, da Yamma da Arewa. Wannan shi ne ya haifar da a ranar sha biyar ga watan Maris 1962, aka bu]e Gidan  Rediyon Tarayya na Kaduna. Alh. Sir, Ahmadu Bello Sardaunan Sakkwato, kuma Firimiyan Jihar Arewa, ya bayyana muhimman abubuwa guda uku ake bu}ata a gidan rediyon ya yi wa mutane Arewa. Ga abin da Firimiya ya ce a wajen bu]e wannan gidan Rediyo. Wannan gidan rediyon kamar sauran gidajen rediyo, ana sa ran ya ilmantar, ya nisha]antar ya kuma sanar game da nisha]antarwa kuma akan ce, ta~a ki]a ta~a karatu”.

Bayan an }ir}iro da wannan gidan rediyo na farko a Arewacin Nijeriya aka sa mashi suna Broadcasting Cooperation of Northern Nigeria, watau Hukumar Watsa Labarai ta Jihar Arewa, sai aka du}ufa wajen wayar wa da al’umma Arewa kai ta hanyar ilmantarwa da nisha]antarwa, sannan kuma da sanar da su game da manufofin gwamnatin jihar Arewa. To a lokacin da aka }addamar da wannan Gidan rediyo mai ]auke da ‘yan kayan aiki }alilan, sai masana suka gano cewa wasan kwaikwayo shi ne wata babbar hanyar da za a bi wajen ilmantar da al’umma.

Har ila yau, a shekarar 1976 gwamnatin soja ta Tarayya ta rushe kamfanin NBC ta sake kafa Federal Redio Corporation of Nigeria (FRCN) aka kuma raba yankin Ibadan da Ikko da kuma yankin Kaduna.

Gidan Rediyon Nijeriya na Kaduna shi ne kusan jagoran sauran gidajen rediyo domin kuwa duk sauran gidajen rediyon Nijeriya ta Arewa musamman }asashen Hausa a }ar}ashin yankin Rediyo Kaduna suke. An tabbatar da cewa ta hanyar amfani da rediyo ne za a iya sanar da al’umma abin da gwamnati take ciki tare da ilmantarwa da nisha]antarwa. To ta yin la’akari da haka ya sa wasan kwaikwayo ya zama wata muhimmiyar hanya mafi sau}i wajen isar da sa}o ga al’umma.

Wannan dalili ya sa ake ganin cewa an da]e ana yin wasan kwaikwayo a gidajen rediyon }asar nan. Ana iya cewa wasan kwaikwayo na rediyo an fara shi tun wajen shekarar 1954, amma a nan arewancin Nijeriya ana ganin cewa wasannin kwaikwayo na farko da aka fara gabatarwa a rediyo, an fara su ne a rediyon Tarayya na Kaduna a cikin shekarar 1963. Shirin Noma yanke Talauci, shi ne shiri na farko da aka soma gwadawa cikin shirin wasan kwaikwayo. Dalilin kiran shi wasan kwaikwayo shi ne saboda ana gabatar da shi ne ta yin amfani da yanayin wasa da raha da masu gabatarwar suka yi domin jan hankalin manoma don koyar da su dabarun noma irin na zamani.

Daga wannan shiri kuma sai wasan kwaikwayon “Zaman Duniya Iyawa Ne”. Shi wannan shiri, wani madubi ne na rayuwa, kuma don kada a bar masu saurare da wasan kwaikwayo guda ]aya wanda ya shafi aikin gona kawai sai wani shirin ya fito wanda Alhaji Yusuf Ladan ya rubuta na tsawon shekaru. Wannan shirin yana }unshe da ban dariya da nisha]antarwa.

Daga nan kuma sai aka samu wasan kwaikwayo “Taba sa Farin Cikin Aljihu. Kamfanin Taba Sigari sun sadu da Hukumar Gidan Rediyon Tarayya Kaduna suka bu}aci marubucin wasan Zaman Duniya Iyawa ne ya rubuta wannan wasa na ‘Taba sa Farin Cikin Aljihu’. Wannan shirin ya yi matu}ar kar~uwa don kuwa an sami manoma da dama da suka rungumi noman Taba a wancan lokacin.

Da tafiya-ta-yi-tafiya kuma sai aka fito da wani shiri mai suna “Basafce [an Mallam Dogara na Kumatu Mai Karen Kamun Kura”. Shi wannan wasa ne da ya ke koyar da aikin gona da kiwon lafiya don zama cikin }oshin lafiya. Bayan wannan kuma sai shirin “Gundumi Fasa Kwanya” wasa ne wanda Alhaji Yusuf Ladan ya shirya. Wasan ya shafi dambe na gargajiya. Haka kuma wasa ne wanda ya zama tamkar zakaran gwajin dafi. Wannan wasa ya yi matu}ar amsuwa ga al’ummar Arewacin Nijeriya kuma ya }ara fito da wannan Gidan Rediyo Tarayya na Kaduna.

Daga nan kuma a cikin shekarar 1972 sai wasu shirye-shirye su ka samu wa]anda suka }ara wa harkar wasan kwaikwayo ha~aka a wannan gidan rediyo Nigeria na Kaduna. Wa]annan shirye-shiryen sun ha]a da; shirin Duniya Budurwar Wawa, da Samanja Mazan Fama, wa]anda Usman Baba Pategi yake shiryawa.

Hakan ya taimaka wajen samuwar wasannin kwaikwayo a gidajen Rediyo na jihohin Arewacin }asar nan, misali idan muka dubi gidan Rediyon Kano wato gidan Rediyon da yake bi wa na Kaduna wajen iya gabatar da shirye-shirye, sun yi }o}ari fiye da yadda ake tsammani ta fuskar shirya wasannin kwaikwayo. Wasu daga cikin ire-iren wasannin kwaikwayo da aka gudanar a wannan lokacin sun ha]a da. In Ba Ku Ba Gida; wanda Mrs. Afinike Hamman wata mutuniyar Bauchi ta ke shiryawa tare da taimakon Hassana Umaru da Kulu Suleiman, kuma akwai wasanni kamarsu; Komai da Ruwanka” wanda Mallam Sharif Lawal Adamu ya shirya, sai kuma wasan “Duniyar Nan Tamu” na Malam Abdullahi Sani Makarantar Lungu, Haka kuma akwai wasan “Hannu [aya” wanda shi gidan Rediyo ya ke shiryawa, akwai kuma wasan “Jami’ar Fanisau” wanda yana }unshe ne da raha kuma sukan shirya shi ne domin yin shagu~e ga Gwamnati. Sauran wasanni da aka gabatar a wannan gidan rediyo sun ha]a da; Jatau Na Albarkawa; da Jatau na {yallu, da sauransu.

Haka kuma Gidan Rediyon Jihar Bauchi ya gudanar da wasu wasannin kwaikwayo da suka ha]a da; “Duniya Ina Za Ki Da Mu” wanda Abubakar Aliyu Dori yake shiryawa, da kuma wasan “Yaro Sabon Mutum, wanda Hauwa Muhammad Bin take shiryawa.

          Da haka dai wasannin kwaikwayo su ka yi ta ci gaba da ya]uwa da ha~aka a gidajen Rediyo daban-daban na jiholin Arewacin Nijeriya, kuma kodayaushe ana samun sababbi idan bu}atar yin hakan ta samu. Ko a halin yanzu ana gudanar da wasannin kwaikwayo a gidajen  Rediyo da dama wa]anda suke a jihohin Arewacin }asar nan ciki har da Gidan Rediyon Jihar Kebbi wanda ake gudanar da wannan bincike a kan sa. Wasannin sun kasance wata hanya ko wata kafa ta nisha]antarwa da fa]akarwa tare da ilmantarwa ga dukkanin al’ummomin da ke zaune a wa]annan jihohin.

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[1] Tattaunawar da aka yi da wasu ma’aikatan Gidan Rediyon Jihar Kebbi ranar 10/11/2018 a gidan Rediyo.

Samuwar Wasan Kwaikwayo Da Nau’oinsa

Wasan kwaikwayo wani ~angare ne a cikin adabin Hausa, wanda ya ta~o dukkanin harkokin rayuwar ]an Adam ta yau da kullum domin yana bayyana wa mai kallo ko sauraro ko karatu hanyoyin rayuwar jama’a ta fuskar sana’oinsu da yanayin zamantakewarsu da al’adunsu.

Ma’anar Wasan Kwaikwayo

Masana da manazarta da dama sun tofa albarkacin bakinsu dangane da ma’anar wasan kwaikwayo kamar irin su Kofoworala, (1977) wanda ya nuna wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin “Fasaha ce wadda ke samar da jin da]i da annashuwa ga rayuwar ]an Adam”. A nan malamin ya nuna masu kallo na samun jin da]i da annashawa wurin wasan kwaikwayo.

Crow, (1983) cewa ya yi “Wasan kwaikwayo wani irin wasa ne a inda mutane kan kwaikwayi wasu mutane ko wasu abubuwa dangane da halayen su ko irin abubuwan da suke gudanarwa. Ana iya yin wasa dan nisha]antarwa ne ga masu kallo”.

Har ila yau, Dangambo, (1984) cewa ya yi “Wasan kwaikwayo kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, wasa ne da aka gina kan kwaikwayon wani labari ko wata matsala ta rayuwa da ake son isarwa ga jama’a a kan aiwatar da labarin ko matsalar da sauransu, cikin siffar ya}ini wato a zahiri”.

Haka kuma, Ahmed (1985) ya ce “Wasan kwaikwayo shi ne duk wata matsala da ta }unshi abu biyu. Na farko ta zamo wasa ne, ko kuma abu ne wanda yake ba gaskiya ba ne lokacin da ake abin. Na biyu shi ne wasan ya zama ma}asudinsa na sake kama ne. Ta wasan sake kamar nan, mai wasan ko ‘yan wasa za su canja kamanninsu na yau da kullum.

Abdullahi (1986) a nasa bincike ya fa]i cewa; “Wasan kwaikwayo shi ne abu wanda ba da gaske ba, amma mutane ke siffanta kansu da shi ta hanyar wasa da kwaikwayo”.

Muhammad, (1989) ya bayyana cewa; “Wasan kwaikwayo na nufin duk wani aiki, motsi, siffantawa da kamanta wani abu da wani ya yi ko wata dabba ya yi ta cikin raha.

Haka kuma a bayanin Sambo (1990) ya nuna Adamu Ibrahim Malunfashi ya ce “Wasan kwaikwayo koyi ne da yadda wani ko wasu ke yin wani abu. A wajen koyin a iya samun canja kama, ko ta magana, ko tufafi da sauransu. Wannan abin da ake yi ba da gaske ba ne”.

Yar Aduwa, (2008) ya bayyana ma’anar wasan kwaikwayo da cewa “kamance ne na wasu halaye ko yanayin rayuwar ]an Adam wadda ake gudanarwa a cikin raha da annashuwa don cimma wata manufa”.

Bugu-da-}ari, Yar ‘Aduwa (2008) ya sake cewa “Wasan kwaikwayo hanya ce ta baje kolin halayen jama’a da yanayin rayuwarsu ta cikin nisha]i da raha domin su gani su kuma za~i nagari su yi amfani da su sannan su yi watsi da mummuna.

Shi kuma Gusau, (2009) ya ce “Wasan kwaikwayo wata dabara ce wadda ake amfani da ita ta kwaikwayon wasu abubuwa wa]anda wasu rukunoni na al’umma suke aiwatarwa ana yi masu hannunka-mai-sanda tare da yin nuni cikin nisha]i.

[angambo (2011) yana cewa “Wasan kwaikwayo wani labari ne ko wata matsala ta rayuwa da ake son nusarwa ga jama’a”.

Kamar yadda aka nazarta daga ma’anonin masana daban-daban da kuma manazarta, an fahimci abu guda ga wasan kwaikwayo yana tattare da abubuwa, kamar su koyi da sake-kama, da wasa da nisha]i da annashuwa, sannan kuma abin da ba da gaske ba ne, kuma ana yi ne don wasu su gani (‘yan kallo ko masu sauraro) sannan yana iya kasancewa garga]i ne ake yi musu.

Haka kuma ko da a aikace aka gudanar da wasan kwaikwayo, za a fahimci cewa yana nan dai a matsayin wasa, sannan kuma ana }o}ari ne a kamanta wata ]abi’ar rayuwa da ke aukuwa ta hanyar amfani da harshe don isar da sa}o ga al’umma.

Samuwar Wasan Kwaikwayo Da Nau’o’insa

Masana sun bayyana babu wata magana ]aya dangane da samuwar wasan kwaikwayo. Sun nuna wasan kwaikwayo abu ne mai da]a]]en tarihi a duniya baki ]aya, kuma babu wani wanda zai bugi }irji ya ce ga takamaiman ranar da aka fara wasan kwaikwayo. Akwai hasashe da wasu masanan suka yi dangane da samuwar sa kamar haka:

Clark, (1966) ya bayyana cewa “Duk da cewa babu wani ajiyayyen tarihi da ya nuna lokacin da aka fara wasan kwaikwayo, amma ya ce akwai tabbacin wannan nau’i na adabi da]a]]en abu ne, kuma kusan kowace }abila ta wannan }asa tana da shi. A nasa ra’ayin wai har za a  iya raba wa]annan wasannin zuwa gida biyu. Akwai wasannin da ake yi domin girmama abin bautarsu da wa]annan }abilu ke yi wato kamar  bautar da Kanawa suke yi wa Tsumbarbura a }ar}ashin jagorancim Barbushe, ya ce wa]annan su ne na addinin. Akwai wanda ake kira “masgaradas” wato na dodo da kuma irin wa]anda ake shiryawa }ungiya-}ungiya a kowane shekara.

Ogunbiyi (1981) cewa ya yi “Ba wai babu wasan kwaikwayo ba ne a Afirika ba, tun daga farko yadda za a tsare da aiwatar da shi ne babu. A ta}aice samuwar wasan kwaikwayo a nahiyar Afirika ba zai rasa nasaba da harkar bauta wanda mutane da suke aiwatarwa ba. Hakan yakan kasance saboda ala}ar wannan bauta da wasu daga cikin tsarin wasa irin na kwaikwayo. Misali canza kama da amfani da wasu tufafi na musamman da amfani da lokacin aiwatarwa har ma da aiki da umurni”. A don haka a nahiyar Afirika abin da ya sa ake danganta bauta da tushen wasan kwaikwayo shi ne irin sigogin wasan da bautar ta ke ]auke da shi.

Waston (1983) cewa ya yi “Da wasan kwaikwayon Girkawa da na Turawa sun samo asali ne daga bauta irin ta addini, kuma ma har babu maganar addini a ciki, a ‘yan kwanakin nan ana iya sanya wasu abubuwa na bauta da zarar ana bu}atar haka”. A wani }arin bayani kuma ci gaba da cewa ya yi, “Wasan kwaikwayon Girkawa sannan da mai biye da shi watau na Turawa, dukkan su sun samo asali wato tushensu na addini ne, kuma iyayen gijinsu (gumakansu) suna da wata rawa ta musamman mai muhimmanci da suke takawa”. Wa]annan bayanai guda biyu kusan dukkanninsu abu ]aya ne suke nunawa. Wato wasanin kwaikwayo na Girkawa da wanda ake da shi a Turai duk daga abu guda suka faro wato addinin su.

Holt da Winston (1983) sun tabbatar da cewa “Duk inda ake wasan kwaikwayo musamman a tsohuwar daular Girkawa da Turai da Indiya da kuma Japan, tushen sa ]aya ne. Ya taso ko ya samo asali ne daga bukukuwan addini ta musayar zance ko wa}a tsakanin shugaba da ‘yan amshi ko kuma tsakanin }ungiyar mawa}an addini. Sun bayyana Dynoysus a matsayin wani gunkin Girkawa ne mai kula da tsiro, musamman itatuwa, kuma shi ne mai kula da giya ana ma kiransa Bacchus. Wasannin raha da ban dariya sun samo asali ne daga bautar da ake yi masa.

Ahmed, (1985) ya nuna cewa, Sengnor ya tabbatar, “Wa}e da amshi da kuma raye-rayen wasan kwaikwayo na daular Girkawa shekaru aru-aru a da, wa]anda asalin su wasannin kwaikwayon addinin Eleusian ne, cewa ainihin tushensu shi ne bautar Osiris, wanda ake yi a Masar ta jerin gwano, ana wa}e da amshi, ha]e da rawa”.

Yar Aduwa, (2007) ya kawo dalilai guda uku wa]anda yake ganin su ne mafarin samuwar wasan kwaikwayo. Dalili na farko dai shi ne wanda ya ke cewa an fara samun wasan kwaikwayo ne a dalilin bauta, watau irin bukukuwa da ake yi wa abin da jama’a suke bautawa. A lokacin wannan bauta ne shugabannin addini suke kwaikwayon ]abi’un wa]annan allolin nasu, to an ce wai ta haka aka fara samun wasan kwaikwayo.

Dalili na biyu kuma shi ne wai akwai wa}o}i da kirari da akan yi a lokacin binne jarumai, wanda yake bayanin irin halayensu na jarunta, da kuma aka yi nisa wani lokaci har akan samu wani ko wasu mutane masu zuwa suna kwaikwayon irin yadda wa]annan jarumai suke aiwatar da jarumtakarsu, to an ce wai irin wannan kwaikwayo da suke yi a hankali shi ya haifar da yin wasan kwaikwayo.

Dalili na uku kuma shi ne wai wasan kwaikwayo ya samu ne a dalilin bayar da labari da ake wa mutane, misali a dandamali ko kuma idan an je farauta, to a wannan lokaci akan ba wa mutane labarin jarumai na wurin ya}i da kuma farauta, to an ce irin wannan labaru ne a hankali da ake bayar da su da baki aka shiga kwaikwayon wa]annan jarumai, to sannu a hankali wannan shi ma sai ya haifar da wasan kwaikwayo.

Ta yin la’akari da wa]annan dalilai da wannan masani ya kawo ne ake ganin cewa su ne suka haifar da wasan kwaikwayo, kuma ana kyautata zaton an fara wasan kwaikwayo ne a “Greek” wato }asar Girka kimanin wajen shekaru ]ari shida (600) kafin haihuwar Annabi Isah (AS). Girkawa ne dai suka fara yin wa}o}i da raye-raye don su girmama abin bautarsu wato “Dionysis” suna yin wannan biki ne a lokacin na musamman don girmamawa tare da neman wata alfarma a wajen ubangijin na su.

Yar’ aduwa, (2007) ya }ara da cewa a }asashen Asiya kuwa an ce suna da wasannin kwaikwayonsu amma na kansu wanda ba su da ala}a da }asashen Turai. Wa]annan wasannin suna gina su ne a bisa al’adunsu na gargajiya zalla. Misali a }asar Indiya an ce suna daga cikin masu da]a]]an tarihi na wasan kwaikwayo, kodayake ba a san ha}i}anin lokacin da aka fara wa]annan wasanni ba, amma an fara samun wasannin tun daga shekaru 200 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa (Alaihis Salam). An ce wani mutum mai suna Bahara shi ne mutumin da ya fara rubuta wasan kwaikwayo a Indiya, wasan mai suna “Netyasastra”. Wannan shi ya bu]e }ofar samun wasannin kwaikwayo a Indiya wa]anda yawancinsu masu ba da nisha]i da farin ciki suke shiryawa.

Haka kuma a }asar China (Sin) an ce wasannin nasu sun samu asali ne daga wa}e-wa}e da raye-raye da ake yi domin girmama abubuwan da suke bautawa. An fara samun wasan kwaikwayo a zamanin wani sarkinsu mai suna Yua (1279-1368).  Labarin haka ya ke a }asar Japan a inda su ma wasannin kwaikwayonsu ya samo asali daga lokacin bikin bauta da suke yi wa abun bautarsu. Wasan kwaikwayon da ya fi shahara a lokacin shi ne mai suna “Kabuki” (Yar’aduwa, 2007).

A don haka a wasu al’umomin Nijeriya wasan kwaikwayo asalinsa shi ma bai rasa nasaba da bukukuwan addini, ko na tsare-tsare, da bukukuwan Yarbawa da na Inyamirai da wasannin dodonnin ruwa na Owo da Ori na Ijaw. Saboda haka ta yin la’akari da wa]annan ra’ayoyi na masana da manazarta da aka zayyana a baya za a fahimci kuma a yanke hukuncin cewa lallai tarihin wasan kwaikwayo da]a]]e ne kuma mai tsawo. Babu shakka bauta da addini sun taka muhimiyyar rawa wajen samuwa da kuma bun}asar wasan kwaikwayo a fa]in duniya wanda ake cin moriyarsa har zuwa yau.

Nau’o’in Wasan Kwaikwayon Hausa 

Wasan kwaikwayo a }asar Hausa yana da nau’o’in sanannu guda biyu. Masana kamar su Yahaya (1987) da [angambo (2008) sun samu daidaituwar ra’ayi a wannan ~angaren, sannan suka raba nau’o’in wasan kwaikwayo kamar haka:

i.                    Wasannin kwaikwayo na Gargajiya

ii.                  Wasannin kwaikwayo na Zamani

     

Wasannin Kwaikwayo Na Gargajiya

Wasannin kwaikwayo na gargajiya wasanni ne da Bahaushiyar al’ada ta yarda da su, wa]anda daga cikin wasannin akan yi  su, ko a gabatar da su a kowane lokaci. Wasu kuma daga cikinsu akwai lokutan da ba a yin su, wasu kuma akan gabatar da su shekara-shekara kuma akan yi su a wasu lokutan bukukuwan al’ada. A irin wa]annan lokuta al’adar Bahaushe ta bada damar a yi wa]annan wasanni, wata}ila domin murnar sake gewayowar wa]annan lokuta da kuma girmama su. Misali a lokacin watan Azumi akan yi wasan tashe da kuma lokutan kaka inda akan yi wasan bu]ar dawa da cin tumu da sauransu.

Akwai tanade-tanade da ake yi wa kowane wasa ta yadda zai tafi daidai da kamannin wasa a al’adance. Misali, a wasannin shekara-shekara na watan Azumi akwai wasanni daban-daban da akan yi duk lokacin da watan Azumi ya kama goma da tsayawa, kamar wasannin tashe.

Za a iya cewa akwai al’adu da dama wa]anda suka danganci wasan kwaikwayo. Ire-iren wa]annan al’adu kuwa sun ha]a da wa]anda yara ko samari suke kwaikwayo tsakaninsu. Wa]annan su ne ake kira wasannin kwaikwayo na gargajiya ko na asali.

A dangane da haka ne aka kawo ka]an daga cikin ire-iren wasannin kwaikwayo na gargajiya da Hausawa ke yi tun kafin zuwan addinin Musulunci. Da farko an kasa wasannin ne zuwa rukuni-rukuni kamar haka:

-          Wasannin Kwaikwayo na Matasa: Shi wannan rukunin ya }unshi ire-iren wasannin da matasa ke gudanarwa musamman ma a dandali. Misalan ire-iren wasannin sun ha]a da; kalankuwa, Takkai, Jatau mai magani wasan mairama da Dauda da sauransu.

-          Wasannin Kwaikwayo na Masu Sana’a: Su ire-iren wa]annan wasanni ne da ake danganta su da wata sana’a. Misalansu sun ha]a da; Wasan  ‘yan kama, wasan ‘yan hoto wasan ma}era, wasan Mahauta.

-          Wasannin Kwaikwayo na Lalura: Su wa]annan wasannin akan shirya su ne a dalilin samuwar wata lalura watau idan wani abu ya faru ake yin su, sai a da]e ba a yi wasan ba. Misalan ire-iren wasannin su ne na ro}on ruwa, da kuma na husufi watau in rana ta kama wata.

-          Wasannin Kwaikwayo na Tashe: Tashe al’ada ce ta Hausawa da akan yi a cikin watan nan mai alfarma wato watan Ramadan. Tashe wasa ne da ‘yan mata da samari watau yara }anana kan shirya shi a lokacin Azumi ta yin kwaikwayon wasu abubuwa da kan faru a lokacin suna yin su bayan an sha ruwa da nufin ba da nisha]i ga wa]anda suka yi Azumi. Ire-iren wa]annan wasannin Tashe sun ha]a da; wasan mai ciki, mai }iriniya, kayi-rawa-kai-malam. Na ci na kasa tashi, macukule da sauransu.

Wa]annan wasannin kwaikwayo su ne aka gada kaka-da-kakanni kuma suna da matu}ar tasiri ga rayuwar Bahaushe domin kuwa akwai darussa da dama da ake koyo a gare su. Haka kuma sukan cusa wa yara maza da mata, samari da ‘yan mata tarbiyya tare da juriya da kuma jaruntaka.

Wasannin Kwaikwayo Na Zamani

Rubutaccen wasan kwaikwayo, da yake a rubuce ake samar da shi, an san lokacin da aka fara yin sa. Abin mamaki a nan shi ne wannan sashe na adabi bai samu ha~aka kamar sauran takwarorinsa ba, wato rubutun zube da rubutattun wa}o}in Hausa. An yi wallafe-wallafe da dama a rubutun zube da rubutattun wa}o}i wa]anda suka samu kar~awa sosai ga al’umma fiye da rubutun wasan kwaikwayo.

Shi rubutaccen wasan kwaikwayo kuwa mai gajeren tarihi ne, in an kwatanta shi da sauran ~angarori na adabin zamani na Hausa, wannan ya sa ake ganin ya fi su }uruciya. Dalili kuwa shi ne addinin Musulunci bai ba shi muhimmanci ba, kuma shi ya sa al’ummar Larabawa ba ta rubuta shi ba, sai wajen }arni na 18 suka fara rubuta shi. A Hausa kuwa, an fara rubuta shi ne bayan da Turawa suka zo har ma da wajen shekaru talatin da kama mulkinsu. Sai a wajen shekara ta 1930 aka fara samar da littafin wasan kwaikwayon Hausa shida “The six Hausa Plays” wanda wani Bature, mai suna R.M. East ya rubuta a 1930. Haka kuma wasu su na ganin cewa an dai samu littafin wasan kwaikwayo da ]an }asa Bahaushe ya rubuta a shekarar 1949, mai suna Wasan Marafa da Abubakar Tunau ya rubuta kuma kamfanin NORLA, Zariya ya buga. Daga baya ne wasan kwaikwayo ya ri}a ha~aka da gaske wanda har ya kasance ya kusa tarar da zube a tsakanin 1971 zuwa 1974 da kuma tsakanin 1981 zuwa 1986 in an bi tsarin yadda aka rubuta su.

A ta}aice rubutaccen wasan kwaikwayo na zamani ya }unshi rassa guda shida, kamar haka: -

(a)    Wasan kwaikwayo na littattafai

(b)   Wasan kwaikwayo na Rediyo

(c)    Wasan kwaikwayon Talbijin

(d)   Wasan kwaikwayo na Silima/Majigi

(e)    Wasan kwaikwayo na Dandamali

(f)     Wasan kwaikwayo na Bidiyo / Fim

Wa]annan dukkaninsu nau’o’i ne na rubutaccen wasan kwaikwayo wanda akan tsara su ne a rubuce kafin a aiwatar da su a Talabijin ko Rediyo ko silima ko dandamali ko kuma a Fim. A don haka wannan bincike zai karkata ne ga nazari a kan wasan kwaikwayo na Rediyo.